by Melika Mehriar,
Houshmand Masoumi, Atif Bilal Aslam, and Syed Mubasher Gillani
The neighborhood effect on keeping non-commuting trips inside
neighborhoods has not yet been investigated in developing countries. The
modeling of non-commuting trips inside neighborhoods helps understand
how to avoid unnecessary journeys by car into different parts of the
city. This paper, therefore, attempts to clarify (1) the similarities
and differences in the socioeconomic characteristics and the perceptions
of people in sprawled and compact neighborhoods, (2) correlations
between, on the one hand, the choice of destinations of non-commuting
trips for shopping and entertainment activities and, on the other, the
socioeconomic features, travel behavior, and perceptions of residents in
the two large Pakistani cities of Lahore and Rawalpindi, (3) the
similarities and differences in the determinants of non-commuting
destinations inside neighborhoods in compact and sprawled districts. The
paper develops four Binary Logistic (BL) regression models, with two
models for each type of neighborhood. The findings show that trips to
shopping areas inside compact districts are correlated with a sense of
belonging to the neighborhood, frequency of public transport use,
residential location, and mode choice of non-commuting trips to
destinations both inside and outside the neighborhood. On the other
hand, the number of non-commuting trips, mode choice for non-commuting
trips outside the neighborhood, frequency of public transport use, the
attractiveness of shops, and monthly income (please see the Note) are
significant determinants for trips to the shopping area in sprawled
districts. Age, gender, possession of a driver’s license, income, number
of non-commuting trips, mode choice for non-commuting trips outside of
the neighborhood, car ownership, and attractiveness of shops in a
neighborhood are correlated with trips to entertainment locations inside
the neighborhood in compact districts. Finally, the attractiveness of
shops, quality of social and recreational facilities, a sense of
belonging to a neighborhood, choice of residential location, gender,
age, possession of a driver’s license, number of cars in the household,
and income are determinants of trips to entertainment locations in
sprawled districts. A chi-square test confirms the differences across
gender, daily activity, monthly income, frequency of public transport
use, residential location choice, and the quality of social and
recreational facilities for sprawled and compact districts in Pakistan.
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